What Are Participles and What Are Its Types

In the previous post we learned about gerund. In this post we shall learn about participles. Letโ€™s start.

Participles And Its Types


A participle is a verbal adjective. It is by birth a verb, but mostly serves nouns and pronouns as an adjective does.


Read the following sentences:

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a. Hearing the noise the boy woke up.
b. I watch an exciting match.
c. On hearing the bell we come out.
d. Driven by sorrow she burst into tears.
e. Having completed my ink I went out.

The verbs underlined like hearing, exciting, hearing, driven, having completed are finite verbs which work as adjectives since they qualify the nouns like โ€œthe boyโ€, โ€œmatchโ€, โ€œweโ€, โ€œsheโ€, โ€œIโ€ respectively. They are called participle. Thus a participle is a word which is partly a verb and partly and adjective. A participle functions both as a noun and an adjective.

What Are Participles and What Are Its Types 1

Some examples of present participles:

i. We met a girl carrying basket of flowers.
ii. Leaving behind, they moved on.
iii. The child, thinking all was safe, attempted to cross the road.
iv. Walking by a play field, he was hit by a ball.
v. A rolling stone gathers no mass.
vi. She being honest can be trusted.

vi. A duck is a swimming bird.

The underlined verbs are past participles. They represent the action which are completed actions of state of things spoken of.

Note:-Past participle usually ends in ed, d, t, en, ot, n.

Some examples of perfect participle:
i. Having rested, we continued our journey.
ii. Having entered his room, he put on some music.
iii. Having listened to him, I offered him some advice.
iv. The sun having risen, we started our journey.

Participle adjectives:โ€“
The participles that are used as simple qualifying adjectives in front of a noun are called participle adjectives.

Examples:
โ€ข We had a drink of sparkling water.
โ€ข His tattled coat needs mending.
โ€ข He played a losing game.
โ€ข He wears a worried look.
โ€ข Education is the most pressing need of our country.
โ€ข Lying witness ought to be punished.

Read Also: Gerund

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